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The Range Statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Add any essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts. |
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Pathophysiological concepts include: | Cellular injury and change: physical, chemical, and infectious agents inflammatory process hypertrophy, hyperplasia, atrophy, necrosis, and gangrene tumour, neoplasm, benign, malignant, metastasis, and anaplasia Immunology: immune response and immunoglobulins, including: hypersensitivity anaphylaxis tissue rejection blood mismatch Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Hepatitis B oncogenes auto-immunity malignant disease |
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Fluid and electrolyte imbalance includes: | 'Electrolyte', 'non electrolyte', 'solvent' and 'solute' Role of electrolytes Potential problems of electrolyte imbalance: sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate, magnesium and chloride Mechanisms of fluid movement through the body: Tonicity diffusion, active transport, osmosis, hydrostatic pressure, facilitated diffusion, and filtration Maintenance of normal fluid volume: antidiuretic hormone, sodium, negative feedback, sex hormones and thirst Oedema States of fluid imbalance: normovolaemia', 'hypovolaemia' and 'hypervolaemia' burns, sweating, 3rd space shift, diarrhoea and vomiting |
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Acid base imbalance includes: | pH, acidosis, alkalosis, physiological acidosis Physiological effects of acidosis and alkalosis Buffer systems and compensation pH imbalances: Respiratory acidosis respiratory alkalosis metabolic acidosis metabolic alkalosis |
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Advanced assessment includes: | Capture, interpret and record comprehensive information regarding a client's health status to support advanced clinical care. |
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Standard methods and protocols may include: | Clinical practice guidelines Organisation protocols Skills manuals State/territory ambulance authority regulations and/or operational procedures Internationally recognised scales, charts, guidelines and surveys (e.g. Glasgow coma scale, dermatome charts, blood pressure reading scales, National Asthma Guidelines) |
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Pharmacodynamics includes but is not limited to: | Drug interactions Pharmacological response of drugs associated with the state/territory ambulance service protocols/ guidelines Duration and magnitude of response associated with the state/territory ambulance service protocols/ guidelines |
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Critical questioning refers to: | Purposeful, informed open questioning in the clinical setting to make sense of the information presented at the scene of injury or illness |
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Diagnostic reasoning refers to: | Using critical questioning and interpretation in the clinical setting which requires careful identification of key problems, issues, and the risks involved in responding to client needs |
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Poor states of perfusion involves: | Shock: pathophysiology of shock aerobic to anaerobic metabolism classifications of shock stages of shock |
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Specific client conditions, disorders and injuries to be assessed must include but are not limited to: | Burns: burn classification assessing burn area potential systemic complications assessment of time criticality burns of different aetiology Head injuries: types and causes of head injuries primary and secondary injury aetiology of head injuries including Monroe-Kellie doctrine cerebral perfusion and blood flow assessment of a client with a head injury Maxillofacial trauma: levels of mortality and morbidity specialised knowledge of associated structures Thoracic, abdominal and pelvic trauma: detailed knowledge of internal and external thoracic, abdominal and pelvic structures detailed assessment of blunt vs penetrating trauma Environmental: cold and heat disorders pressure disorders e.g. barotrauma drowning and near drowning lightning injuries Acute coronary syndrome: progression of coronary artery disease ischaemic disorders: angina unstable angina Prinzmetal angina myocardial infarction heart failure valvular disease hypertensive emergencies other cardiovascular emergencies, e.g. peripheral vascular disease, pericarditis and endocarditis ECG recognition: specialised knowledge of cardiac conduction comprehensive ECG rhythm analysis 12 lead ECG capture and assessment: axis determination bundle branch and fascicular blocks STEMI/non-STEMI Infarct imposters continued ... |
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Specific client conditions, disorders and injuries to be assessed must include but are not limited to: (contd) | Visceral disorders: specialised knowledge of the thoracic, pelvic, gastrointestinal and associated organs and related disorders detailed knowledge of urogenital and reproductive disorders Special circumstances: medico-legal and ethical considerations Neurological:- diseases: e.g. dementia, ms, motor neurone, cerebral palsy, behavioural emergencies pathogenesis: common pharmacolog Infections e.g. meningitis, encephalitis, tetanus Conditions: e.g. seizures and epilepsy, CVA, tumours, brain abscess Spinal injury: Specialised knowledge of sensory and motor functions Reflex arc e.g. autonomic dysreflexia Cardio-vascular changes Respiratory impairment Respiratory: detailed knowledge of the respiratory system and its function e.g. mechanics of ventilation, inspiration and expiration, respiratory control and impact of gas laws Ventilation perfusion (V/Q) conditions and diseases e.g. asthma, chronic airways Limitation, pneumonia, PE, hyperventilation. respiratory assessment Pain: pain pathways and perception physiological and psychological effects associated with pain therapeutic effect of drugs e.g. narcotics, steroidals and non-steroidals, anxiolytics, anti-emetics, over the counter medications pain assessment and documentation according to standard methods and protocols chronic pain management |
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Specific categories of clients to be assessed must include but are not limited to: | Adult client (male and female) Obstetric client: specialised knowledge of foetal development: foetal distress neonatal physiology congenital abnormalities abnormal pregnancy: pregnancy induced hypertension, gestational diabetes, eclampsia, ectopic pregnancy, hyperemesis gravidarum threatened abortion, spontaneous abortion, supine hypotensive syndrome, ante-partum bleeding pre-existing congestive cardiac failure, pre-existing hypertension, pre-existing diabetes stages of labour normal presentation: pre/post haemorrhage normal at-term infantt/premature infant abnormal presentation: multiple/breech/still birth limb presentation prolapsed cord assessment of the newborn: APGAR post delivery treatment and evaluation other obstetric problems and gynaecology: post partum bleeding, dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia, pelvic infections, displacement of pelvic organs, urinary problems, endometriosis paediatric client: detailed knowledge of differences in paediatric and adult anatomy and physiology as related to assessment of the paediatric client developmental stages of childhood e.g. psychosocial issues issues surrounding paediatric assessment specific paediatric conditions e.g. croup, epiglottitis, febrile convulsions geriatric client: detailed knowledge of the normal anatomical and physiological changes associated with ageing as related to assessment of the geriatric client pre-existing medical problems and pharmacology are considered |